Definition of biomethane
The Law defines biomethane as a biogas, which complies with physical and technical characteristics applicable to natural gas that enable its injection into the gas transmission and gas distribution systems or use as a motor fuel. Biomethane, as a gas produced from alternative sources, should not be discriminated against and is entitled to benefit from the same rules applied to the natural gas market in terms of its access to gas transportation and gas distribution systems, as well as gas storages and LNG facilities, subject to compliance with the above-mentioned and certain other requirements pertinent to natural gas.
Biomethane register
The Law introduces a framework regulation for the functioning of the biomethane register ("Register"), which is created to control and record the injections and withdrawals of biomethane into/from gas distribution and gas transmission systems. The Register contains information on, among other things, the volume of biomethane injected into the gas systems, source of origin, producer, etc., submitted by the authorized biomethane producers. To become an authorized user and set up an account with the Register, the producer should undergo an independent verification of its production facilities and capacity.
The Register will be maintained by the Ukrainian State Agency on Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving.
Documents confirming biomethane origin
Another major novelty of the Law is the introduction of the concept of documents confirming the biomethane's origin. As implied by the Law, the "guarantee of origin" is a document confirming the source of production (which is biomass) of biomethane and its injection into the gas transmission and gas distribution systems. The guarantee is a transferable document.
The "certificate of origin" is another document confirming the source of the biomethane production, which, in contrast to the guarantee of origin, is issued once the guarantee of origin is annulled and biomethane is withdrawn from the gas systems.
Positive implications of the Law
Given the significant potential of Ukraine's agricultural sector, the Law marks the first step towards launching the Ukrainian biomethane market focused on further export to EU countries and the replacement of natural gas in electricity and heat production. In addition, the introduction of the concept of transferable guarantees of biomethane origin creates potential for the trade in the "green" value of the upgraded biogas in Ukraine following the example of certain other European countries. If Ukraine follows the path of the EU when developing its own green taxonomy, the production of biogas from anaerobic digestion and its upgrade to biomethane may be recognized as a low-carbon activity allowing to legally treat investments into biomethane projects as those on sustainable finance.
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The Law became effective on 11 November 2021. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the State Agency on Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving of Ukraine will have six months to draft and adopt a by-law regulating the operation of the Register in line with the concept laid down in the Law.
1 The Law of Ukraine "On Alternative Fuels" No. 1391-XIV dated 14 January 2000
2 The Law of Ukraine "On the Natural Gas Market" No. 329-VIII dated 9 April 2014
